Nubank’s Future in Question as Brazil Seeks to Restrict Use of ‘Bank’

The Central Bank's proposal, which is open for public consultation until May 31, 2025, aims to enhance transparency.

Quick overview

  • Brazil's Central Bank has proposed regulations that would restrict the use of 'banco' and 'bank' to licensed institutions only.
  • If enacted, Nubank may need to either obtain a full banking license or rebrand to remove 'bank' from its name.
  • The proposal aims to enhance consumer transparency and protect against misleading representations in the fintech sector.
  • Debate continues over the potential impact of these regulations on innovation and competitiveness within Brazil's fintech landscape.

Brazil’s Central Bank has proposed new regulations that could significantly impact fintechs like Nubank.

Nubank is under scrutiny. Will it change its name?

The initiative aims to restrict the use of terms such as “banco” and “bank” exclusively to institutions that hold a formal banking license. If approved, companies without such a license would be required to change their trade names, website domains, and marketing materials to avoid misleading consumers about the nature of their services.


Nubank Operations

Currently, Nubank operates as a payment institution and direct credit company (SCD) and does not hold a full banking license in Brazil. While it offers services similar to those of a traditional bank—such as digital accounts and credit cards—it is not regulated as one.

The Central Bank’s proposal, which is open for public consultation until May 31, 2025, aims to enhance transparency and protect consumers by ensuring they clearly understand the type of institution they’re dealing with.


What will happen now?

If the regulation is enacted, Nubank would face two choices: obtain a full banking license—requiring compliance with stricter regulatory standards—or undergo a rebranding process to remove the word “bank” from its name. Such a rebrand could significantly impact brand recognition and involve substantial costs.

The proposal has sparked debate across Brazil’s fintech sector, raising concerns about its potential effects on innovation and competitiveness. However, some experts believe the measure aligns with international trends seeking greater clarity and accountability in the delivery of financial services.

As the consultation deadline approaches, the future of Nubank and other fintechs in Brazil will hinge on how the regulations are ultimately implemented—and how these companies choose to adapt to the evolving regulatory landscape.

ABOUT THE AUTHOR See More
Ignacio Teson
Economist and Financial Analyst
Ignacio Teson is an Economist and Financial Analyst. He has more than 7 years of experience in emerging markets. He worked as an analyst and market operator at brokerage firms in Argentina and Spain.

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