How are exchange rates determined?

The currency exchange rate is considered in relation to another currency, or a basket of currencies. Exchange rates can be floating rates, determined by free market factors, such as the economic health of a country, or fixed rates set by central banks. Spreads are not included in the FxLeaders currency converter, but usually, you get tighter conversion spreads through online brokers if you want to buy one currency with another one, and higher conversion spreads on over-the-counter dealers, such as banks and foreign exchange offices.

How to calculate an exchange rate?

Basically, by multiplying the conversion rate by the amount you want to exchange. For EUR 500, you would need 1.13 x 500 = $650. But, the FXLeaders exchange rate calculator makes life very easy. It offers the exchange rate of a single unit of currency for another, as well as the total amount of foreign currency in exchange for the amount of the currency you want to exchange. Physical currency exchange comes with exchange rates and/or fees, but the closer to the FXLeaders exchange rate/amount, the better the deal from your FX exchange agent.

How often do foreign exchange rates change?

Foreign exchange rates change continuously 24/5, and they often also fluctuate over the weekend, opening with market gaps. Usually the exchange rates move slowly, resulting in major differences for a normal traveler, but at times there are some huge fluctuations in live exchange rates, due to economic or political news. Our currency converter updates live exchange rates every 5 seconds, exclusive to FXLeaders.

Can you predict exchange rates?

Exchange rate predictions are hard, given the fact that there are many professional aspects you need to understand and evaluate beforehand. Exchange rate forecasts should include both sides of the coin for the two currencies in the currency pair. They should also include the fundamental analysis, with economic news, central bank forecasts, politics and the broader market sentiment, as well as the technical analysis.

What are currency pairs?

A forex pair is a pair of two currencies, quoted against each other. They are usually presented in the abbreviated form of EUR/USD 1.13, for instance, for Euros Vs US Dollars. Usually, the second currency is presented as the exchange value of the first currency, meaning that to buy one US Dollar you will need EUR 1.13. Many people utilize the fluctuation/volatility to trade forex pairs in the forex market through retail brokers, aiming to make a profit from the fluctuating exchange rates.

What determines the value of a currency?

In the case of a fixed/pegged currency, the government of a country may, as is the case with China, determine the currency value through the central bank, while in other cases, like in Switzerland, it is the central bank (SNB) itself that pegs the currency to another currency or a basket of currencies, in relation to the trade volume with that country. The currency price for floating currencies is determined by market forces, such as supply and demand. These forces are heavily affected by the economic forecasts of a country, central bank activities, rhetoric and forecasts, politics, market sentiment etc., while technical factors determine whether that currency is overvalued or undervalued.

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Cryptocurrencies

Cryptocurrencies

Due to the tremendous global interest in crypto's and how to trade the different cryptocurrencies (including bitcoin, Ethereum, Litecoin, Dash, Ripple, etc.), FX Leaders' analysts bring you all the information you need to trade and invest in cryptocurrencies profitably. Find out more about the unique and powerful asset class that has emerged from practically nowhere to become one of the hottest investment topics of the 21st century - cryptocurrencies! More

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Latest Crypto News

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Crypto Market Hits $3.2T Ahead of Fed Decision, Bitcoin Near $92K

By Arslan Butt, Lead Markets Analyst – Multi-Asset (FX, Commodities, Crypto)

Wednesday, Dec 10, 2025

2 mins read

Things are looking more hopeful in the global cryptocurrency markets as we approach the Federal Reserve's December 2025 interest rate...

2 h

Aave Plans $250M MegaETH V3 Launch to Capture Early Liquidity Demand

By Arslan Butt, Lead Markets Analyst – Multi-Asset (FX, Commodities, Crypto)

Wednesday, Dec 10, 2025

2 mins read

Aave Labs proposes governance to put Aave V3 on MegaETH from launch, aiming to get in early on liquidity and borrowing demand.

2 h

Bitcoin Price Prediction: PNC, CFTC, and NYSE Catalysts Ignite Bullish Momentum Toward $100K

By Maham Arslan, Crypto News Writer | Blockchain & Web3 Reporter

Wednesday, Dec 10, 2025

3 mins read

Bitcoin’s institutional momentum accelerated this week as PNC Bank became the first major U.S. bank to offer direct BTC trading...

2 h

Stripe’s Tempo Blockchain Launches Public Testnet With Major Global Partners

By Arslan Butt, Lead Markets Analyst – Multi-Asset (FX, Commodities, Crypto)

Wednesday, Dec 10, 2025

2 mins read

The public testnet of Tempo a new blockchain developed by Stripe and cryptocurrency investment firm Paradigm has been released...

2 h

Teachers Union Urges Senate to Drop Crypto Market Structure Bill

By Arslan Butt, Lead Markets Analyst – Multi-Asset (FX, Commodities, Crypto)

Wednesday, Dec 10, 2025

2 mins read

The Responsible Financial Innovation Act is a significant law that will structure the cryptocurrency market. The American Federation...

2 h

Polygon’s Madhugiri Hard Fork Targets 33% Throughput Gain, 1-Second Blocks

By Arslan Butt, Lead Markets Analyst – Multi-Asset (FX, Commodities, Crypto)

Wednesday, Dec 10, 2025

2 mins read

Polygon has finally gone live with its latest major network upgrade - the Madhugiri hard fork, which is a big step forward towards faster...

4 h

Cardano Price Prediction: ADA Eyes 56% Rally as Breakout Pressure Builds

By Arslan Butt, Lead Markets Analyst – Multi-Asset (FX, Commodities, Crypto)

Wednesday, Dec 10, 2025

2 mins read

Cardano entered the week testing a familiar support region that has repeatedly shaped its short-term trend. Price action around this zone...

4 h

LUNC Price Prediction: 120% Rally Meets Key Upgrade Vote as Breakout Nears

By Arslan Butt, Lead Markets Analyst – Multi-Asset (FX, Commodities, Crypto)

Wednesday, Dec 10, 2025

2 mins read

Terra Luna Classic has been put back in the limelight after experiencing an explosive two-week surge that pushed LUNC up by over 120%.

4 h

Dogecoin Price Prediction: ETFs Hit Record Low While $4.4B Flows Boost BTC

By Arslan Butt, Lead Markets Analyst – Multi-Asset (FX, Commodities, Crypto)

Wednesday, Dec 10, 2025

2 mins read

Dogecoin exchange-traded funds have hit their lowest levels yet, signaling a rapid retreat from the enthusiasm that followed...

4 h

Polygon Achieves 33% Throughput Boost with Madhugiri Hard Fork as POL Tests Critical Support at $0.12

By Arslan Butt, Lead Markets Analyst – Multi-Asset (FX, Commodities, Crypto)

Wednesday, Dec 10, 2025

3 mins read

Polygon Achieves 33% Throughput Boost with Madhugiri Hard Fork as POL Tests Critical Support at $0.12

Polygon successfully launched its Madhugiri hard fork on December 9, which is a big technological achievement that boosts network capacity

5 h

XRP Emerges as the Swift Slayer – Ripple Leads the Charge in Instant Global Finance

By Olumide Adesina, Financial Market Writer

Wednesday, Dec 10, 2025

1 mins read

XRP and Ripple are emerging giants in the global payment infrastructure, according to DAS Research.

Ripple

5 h

Ethereum Rallies Above $3,300 Despite 62% Fee Decline and Record Binance Inflows

By Arslan Butt, Lead Markets Analyst – Multi-Asset (FX, Commodities, Crypto)

Wednesday, Dec 10, 2025

3 mins read

Ethereum Rallies Above $3,300 Despite 62% Fee Decline and Record Binance Inflows

Ethereum has gone up more than 6.2% in the last 24 hours, reaching a price of more over $3,300. This is because of worse US job data and

7 h

Bitcoin Holds Above $92,000 as FOMC Decision Looms: Technical Analysis Points to Critical Breakout Zone

By Arslan Butt, Lead Markets Analyst – Multi-Asset (FX, Commodities, Crypto)

Wednesday, Dec 10, 2025

4 mins read

Bitcoin Holds Above $92,000 as FOMC Decision Looms: Technical Analysis Points to Critical Breakout Zone

Bitcoin (BTC) is currently trading above $92,000, which is a 2.4% increase in the last 24 hours. This is because the markets are getting

8 h

Daily Crypto Signals: Bitcoin Reclaims $94K, Ethereum Faces 62% Fee Decline Amid Layer-2 Growth

By Arslan Butt, Lead Markets Analyst – Multi-Asset (FX, Commodities, Crypto)

Wednesday, Dec 10, 2025

3 mins read

Daily Crypto Signals: Bitcoin Reclaims $94K, Ethereum Faces 62% Fee Decline Amid Layer-2 Growth

Bitcoin surged back above $94,000 as bulls regained short-term control despite muted liquidity signals, while regulatory developments

9 h

Bitcoin Price Prediction Approaching FOMC Decision

By Timothy St. John, Financial Writer - European & US Desks

Tuesday, Dec 9, 2025

2 mins read

Bitcoin is making small upward progress.

Bitcoin starting to climb slowly form its recent dip and may surge more as we get closer to the Fed rate decision this week.

20 h

Ethereum Eyes $4,000 as $426M Whale Bets Fuel Market Momentum

By Maham Arslan, Crypto News Writer | Blockchain & Web3 Reporter

Tuesday, Dec 9, 2025

2 mins read

Ethereum (ETH) is back on the upswing after finally breaking free of that pesky falling wedge that dominated daily charts...

20 h

XRP’s Big Win: Federal Reserve Confirms Compatibility with Secure Payment Systems

By Olumide Adesina, Financial Market Writer

Tuesday, Dec 9, 2025

1 mins read

Federal Reserve research paper examining Byzantine Fault Tolerant (BFT) consensus mechanisms as part of a broader framework for secure payment systems

1 d

Strategy Buys 10,624 Bitcoin, Boosting Holdings to $49.35B Amid Market Slump

By Arslan Butt, Lead Markets Analyst – Multi-Asset (FX, Commodities, Crypto)

Tuesday, Dec 9, 2025

2 mins read

Last Week's Strategy Made its Biggest Bitcoin Buy in Ages, scooping up 10,624 BTC for around 962.7 million bucks.

1 d

XRP: Ripple Guarantees Double-Digit Returns in Half-Billion Dollar Sale

By Olumide Adesina, Financial Market Writer

Tuesday, Dec 9, 2025

1 mins read

Can Ripple Break Free? XRP Support Holds Amid ETF Buzz and FED Easing

Ripple structured its November funding round to ensure minimum returns for institutional investors by incorporating various contractual protections.

1 d

Ethereum Holds $3,150 as Elite Whales Deploy $425M in Long Positions Amid Market Uncertainty

By Arslan Butt, Lead Markets Analyst – Multi-Asset (FX, Commodities, Crypto)

Tuesday, Dec 9, 2025

3 mins read

Ethereum Holds $3,150 as Elite Whales Deploy $425M in Long Positions Amid Market Uncertainty

At a very important time, Ethereum is showing strength by staying over $3,100 while the cryptocurrency market goes through a time of great

1 d

MORE NEWS

Cryptocurrencies

Crypto Market Hits $3.2T Ahead of Fed Decision, Bitcoin Near $92K

Aave Plans $250M MegaETH V3 Launch to Capture Early Liquidity Demand

Bitcoin Price Prediction: PNC, CFTC, and NYSE Catalysts Ignite Bullish Momentum Toward $100K

Stripe’s Tempo Blockchain Launches Public Testnet With Major Global Partners

Teachers Union Urges Senate to Drop Crypto Market Structure Bill

Polygon’s Madhugiri Hard Fork Targets 33% Throughput Gain, 1-Second Blocks

Cardano Price Prediction: ADA Eyes 56% Rally as Breakout Pressure Builds

LUNC Price Prediction: 120% Rally Meets Key Upgrade Vote as Breakout Nears

Dogecoin Price Prediction: ETFs Hit Record Low While $4.4B Flows Boost BTC

Polygon Achieves 33% Throughput Boost with Madhugiri Hard Fork as POL Tests Critical Support at $0.12

XRP Emerges as the Swift Slayer – Ripple Leads the Charge in Instant Global Finance

Ethereum Rallies Above $3,300 Despite 62% Fee Decline and Record Binance Inflows

Bitcoin Holds Above $92,000 as FOMC Decision Looms: Technical Analysis Points to Critical Breakout Zone

Daily Crypto Signals: Bitcoin Reclaims $94K, Ethereum Faces 62% Fee Decline Amid Layer-2 Growth

Bitcoin Price Prediction Approaching FOMC Decision

Ethereum Eyes $4,000 as $426M Whale Bets Fuel Market Momentum

XRP’s Big Win: Federal Reserve Confirms Compatibility with Secure Payment Systems

Strategy Buys 10,624 Bitcoin, Boosting Holdings to $49.35B Amid Market Slump

XRP: Ripple Guarantees Double-Digit Returns in Half-Billion Dollar Sale

Ethereum Holds $3,150 as Elite Whales Deploy $425M in Long Positions Amid Market Uncertainty

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